*@ १७ जून @* *जागतिक दुष्काळ विरोधी दिन*

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 *@ १७ जून @*

*जागतिक दुष्काळ विरोधी दिन*



गेली दोन दशके बदलते हवामान, जैवविविधतेचा ऱ्हास यांबरोबर वाळवंटी आणि अर्ध दुष्काळी क्षेत्रांची वाढ ही देखील पृथ्वीच्या दृष्टीने चिंतेची बाब बनली आहे. संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघाने त्या दृष्टीने उपाय सुरु केले आहेत. या संदर्भातला ठराव १९९२ च्या ब्राझील मधल्या ‘अर्थ समिट’ मध्ये आला होता. १९९४ मध्ये त्याला युनो म्हणजेच संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघाची मान्यता मिळून UNCCD कडून (संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंघाचा वाळवंटीकरण प्रतिरोधक कार्यक्रम) त्याच्या कामाची अंमलबजावणी सुरु झाली. ११५ देशांवर यातील तरतुदी बंधनकारक आहेत. विकसित राष्ट्रांनी अर्धविकसित देशांना या संदर्भातले तंत्रज्ञान पुरवण्याची योजना यात आहे, कारण अर्धदुष्काळी स्थितीमुळे होणाऱ्या मानवी स्थलांतराचे व विस्थापनाचे प्रमाण या देशात वाढत आहे. या योजने मध्ये वाळवंटाचे आक्रमण रोखण्यासाठी १० वर्षाचे धोरण आखले जाते. जमिनीची धूप होणे, तसेच कस कमी होणे, बदलते हवामान, स्थानिक मर्यादा व गरजा अशांसारख्या मुद्यांचा अर्धदुष्काळी स्थितीशी असलेल्या संबंधाचा अभ्यास केला जातो. विकासाची चुकीची संकल्पना बदलून शाश्वत विकास, स्थानिकांना आर्थिक स्थिरता मिळवून देणे, जमिनीचा योग्य वापर, शेतीची नवी तंत्रे अशा बाबी स्वीकारल्यानेही वाढत्या वाळवंटीकरणाचा सामना करता येईल. या दिनानिमित्त निरनिराळे उपक्रम राबविले जातात. अनियंत्रित व एकांगी विकास टाळला जातो. स्थानिकांना शाश्वत विकास पुरविण्यासाठीच्या योजना राबविल्या जातात.


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